Pengaruh Teknologi VR (Virtual Reality) terhadap Persepsi dan Kognisi pada Pengguna dalam Terapi Psikologis

Rahmat Aditya Pratama; Dinda Ayu Lestari; Fajar Nugroho Wicaksono; Melani Kartika Putri

doi:10.71094/jmsh.v2i2.362

Authors

Rahmat Aditya Pratama Program Studi Psikologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia Author
Dinda Ayu Lestari Program Studi Teknik Informatika, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia Author
Fajar Nugroho Wicaksono Program Studi Psikologi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia Author
Melani Kartika Putri Program Studi Keperawatan, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Mitra Kencana, Indonesia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71094/jmsh.v2i2.362

Keywords:

virtual reality, terapi psikologis, mediasi serial, presence, embodiment, cognitive behavioral therapy, persepsi kognisi

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh teknologi Virtual Reality (VR) terhadap persepsi dan kognisi pengguna dalam konteks terapi psikologis, serta menguji peran mediasi kedua variabel tersebut terhadap outcome klinis. Meskipun efektivitas VR dalam menurunkan gejala gangguan psikologis telah banyak dilaporkan, mekanisme psikologis yang mendasari efektivitas tersebut masih belum sepenuhnya dipahami. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) dengan model mediasi serial untuk menguji hubungan antara jenis intervensi (VR vs. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy konvensional), perubahan persepsi (sense of presence dan embodiment), perubahan fungsi kognitif (atensi, memori kerja, restrukturisasi kognitif), serta penurunan gejala klinis.Sebanyak 84 partisipan dengan gangguan kecemasan ringan hingga sedang dibagi secara acak ke dalam dua kelompok intervensi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji t, ANCOVA, serta analisis mediasi berbasis bootstrapping dan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intervensi berbasis VR secara signifikan meningkatkan persepsi dan fungsi kognitif dibandingkan terapi konvensional. Analisis mediasi mengindikasikan bahwa perubahan persepsi memediasi peningkatan fungsi kognitif, dan perubahan kognitif selanjutnya memediasi penurunan gejala klinis.Temuan ini mendukung model mekanistik bahwa VR bekerja melalui modulasi persepsi yang memicu reorganisasi kognitif dan menghasilkan perbaikan psikologis. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini memperluas paradigma terapi VR dari pendekatan simptomatik menuju pendekatan berbasis mekanisme psikologis. Secara praktis, hasil ini memperkuat integrasi VR dalam protokol terapi psikologis berbasis bukti

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